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Understanding the condition
Peptic ulcers are sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum. Important causes include Helicobacter pylori infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines. An ulcer is not the same condition as ordinary reflux.
What the evaluation looks for
Testing may include upper endoscopy and testing for H. pylori. Medication history matters, including aspirin and over-the-counter pain relievers.
How treatment is chosen
Most ulcers are treated medically with acid suppression and treatment of the cause. H. pylori requires an appropriate eradication regimen and follow-up testing. Endoscopic, radiologic or surgical treatment may be needed for complications such as uncontrolled bleeding, perforation or obstruction.
Questions worth asking
- What caused the ulcer?
- How will healing or eradication of infection be checked?
- Which medicines should be reviewed with the prescribing clinician?
When to seek help promptly
Vomiting blood, black tarry stools, fainting or sudden severe abdominal pain needs emergency evaluation.